{"id":277,"date":"2025-03-26T14:03:36","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/?p=277"},"modified":"2025-03-26T14:03:37","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:03:37","slug":"mikrobiom-je-stredem-pozornosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/2025\/03\/26\/mikrobiom-je-stredem-pozornosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Mikrobiom je st\u0159edem pozornosti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>aneb <strong>St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom sehr\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eitou roli<\/strong> <strong> v obran\u011b organismu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1znam z\u00a0prezentace, kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhla v\u00a0b\u0159eznu \u00b425 v\u00a0B\u0159eclavi a v\u00a0Hustope\u010d\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"449\" src=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.2.jpg 758w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.2-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.2-101x60.jpg 101w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>O tvrzen\u00ed v nadpisu ji\u017e nejsou pochyby.<br>Ale vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m na za\u010d\u00e1tek devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let, kdy byl tento poznatek na okraji pozornosti l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, a dokonce byl tento n\u00e1zor i zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n\u2026 Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je to minulost a mnoh\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 studie potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00edt ve st\u0159evu symbi\u00f3zu je pro cel\u00fd lidsk\u00fd organismus prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toto je prvn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka z cyklu o ohro\u017een\u00e9m zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9mata:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Uv\u011bdom\u011bl\u00e9 stravov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kachn\u00ed \u017ealudek a jeho vliv na zdrav\u00ed a nemoci<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Doba jedov\u00e1, syntetick\u00e1<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet alergii<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jak vznikaj\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a degenerativn\u00ed choroby<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ekosyst\u00e9m st\u0159eva<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>p\u0159edstavuje asi 3 % hmotnosti \u010dlov\u011bka. Povrch tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva je pokryt <strong><em>klky<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 miniaturn\u00edmi v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eky, je\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edho povrchu a usnad\u0148uj\u00ed tak vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Tenk\u00e9 st\u0159evo \u010dlov\u011bka je asi 3\u20135 metr\u016f dlouh\u00e9 a 3\u20133,5 cm \u0161irok\u00e9.\u00a0M\u00e1 plochu a\u017e 300 m<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0(tenisov\u00e9 h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b pro \u010dty\u0159hru m\u00e1 260 m<sup>2<\/sup>).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.3-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.3-88x60.jpg 88w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Dne\u0161n\u00ed pojmy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mikrobiom<\/strong> byl p\u016fvodn\u011b definov\u00e1n jako soubor gen\u016f mikroorganism\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pozd\u011bji se objevil term\u00edn \u201e<strong>mikrobiota<\/strong>\u201c. Je to soubor v\u0161ech organism\u016f, pl\u00edsn\u00ed, vir\u016f, bakteri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed na na\u0161em t\u011ble a v na\u0161em t\u011ble: na k\u016f\u017ei, v u\u0161\u00edch, v plic\u00edch, v pohlavn\u00edch org\u00e1nech, v tr\u00e1vic\u00ed soustav\u011b, a zejm\u00e9na v tlust\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b. Na\u0161e mikrobiota je pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s specifick\u00e1 stejn\u011b jako otisk ruky. Jej\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme ovlivnit stravou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u0159\u00edve se myslelo, \u017ee uvnit\u0159 n\u00e1s \u017eije jen n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek druh\u016f bakteri\u00ed, ale s pozn\u00e1n\u00edm metody genetick\u00e9ho sekvenov\u00e1n\u00ed se zjistilo, \u017ee uvnit\u0159 n\u00e1s je a\u017e 35.000 druh\u016f bakteri\u00ed. Metoda umo\u017e\u0148uje popsat po\u0159ad\u00ed nukleotid\u016f v ur\u010dit\u00e9m \u00faseku DNA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vliv mikrobiomu na na\u0161e t\u011blo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Mikrobiom<em> ovliv\u0148uje n\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/em>, ale tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9m <em>hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed a nervov\u00fd<\/em>. A ned\u00e1vno se objevily studie, je\u017e se sna\u017e\u00ed prok\u00e1zat vliv mikrobiomu <em>na hypertenzi<\/em> a dal\u0161\u00ed <em>nemoci v\u010detn\u011b psychiatrick\u00fdch.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zm\u011bny ve slo\u017een\u00ed mikrobioty v&nbsp;pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u017eivota zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nen\u00ed dosud jasn\u00e9, zda v&nbsp;nitrod\u011blo\u017en\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed ji\u017e existuje mikrobiota, nebo je tam steriln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V dob\u011b, kdy je d\u00edt\u011b kojeno, objevuj\u00ed se bifidobakterie a jsou dominantn\u00ed. V&nbsp;dob\u011b, kdy je d\u00edt\u011b krmeno z&nbsp;lahve, ji\u017e registrujeme v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozmanitost mikrobioty. Je zde v\u00edce kmen\u016f bacteroidetes a ub\u00fdv\u00e1 bifidobakteri\u00ed. Star\u0161\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b si roz\u0161i\u0159uje rozmanitost kmen\u016f&nbsp;t\u00edm, jak p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 tuhou stravu v\u0161eho druhu. U dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho jedince jsou dominantn\u00ed kmeny firmicutes v rovnov\u00e1ze s&nbsp;bacterioidetes. Pom\u011br firmicutes\/bacterioidetes (F\/B) je \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n jako faktor, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd vliv na udr\u017een\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed homeost\u00e1zy. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd nebo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd pom\u011br F\/B je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za dysbi\u00f3zu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e prvn\u00ed je obvykle pozorov\u00e1n u obezity a druh\u00fd u z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed st\u0159ev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Nej\u010dast\u011bji testovan\u00e1 probiotika pro \u00fapravu pom\u011bru F\/B a l\u00e9\u010dbu obezity a st\u0159evn\u00edch z\u00e1n\u011bt\u016f jsou z rodu&nbsp;<strong>lactobacillus<\/strong> + <strong>polyfenoly<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00a0pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, dosp\u011bl\u00e9m v\u011bku, se op\u011bt m\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed a registrujeme p\u0159\u00edtomnost proteobakteri\u00ed, signalizuj\u00edc\u00edch dysbi\u00f3zu, a p\u0159i n\u00ed vznikaj\u00ed podm\u00ednky pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed E-coli, salmonely, cymphylobakteri\u00ed apod. U nejstar\u0161\u00ed generace ub\u00fdv\u00e1 kmen\u016f firmicutes a bifidobakteri\u00ed a zvy\u0161uje se po\u010det bacterioidetes a proteobakteri\u00ed, jsou nal\u00e9z\u00e1ny i actinobakterie, verrucomicrobia. To v\u0161echno m\u00e1 vliv na st\u0159evn\u00ed propustnost, imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a metabolismus.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"613\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.4.jpg 613w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.4-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.4-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00fdvoj mikrobiomu <\/strong>ji\u017e tedy za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v&nbsp;dob\u011b p\u0159ed narozen\u00edm, kr\u00e1tce po narozen\u00ed, a hlavn\u011b v&nbsp;prvn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivota, stabilizuje se v&nbsp;p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku. Prvn\u00ed kolonizace se d\u011bje vlivem mikrobioty matky a po narozen\u00ed vlivem p\u016fsoben\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f kolonizace, m\u00edn\u011bno hlavn\u011b potravou. Dnes je zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se trend porod\u016f c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159ezem.&nbsp; V&nbsp;takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chyb\u00ed prvn\u00ed kontakt s&nbsp;mikrobiotou. D\u011bloha nen\u00ed steriln\u00ed a je v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, jak se maminka stravuje, zda m\u00e1 ve st\u0159ev\u011b z\u00e1n\u011bty, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ovliv\u0148ovat zdrav\u00ed plodu. Porod by m\u011bl b\u00fdt veden vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed, p\u0159irozenou cestou. T\u011blo novorozence je ji\u017e p\u0159i pr\u016fchodu porodn\u00edmi cestami kontaktov\u00e1no mikroorganismy. Bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ra se ji\u017e n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed p\u0159ed porodem m\u011bn\u00ed, aby se co nejv\u00edce podobala st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3\u0159e\u2026 Po veden\u00ed porodu c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm \u0159ezem se ji\u017e n\u011bkdy prov\u00e1d\u00ed tzv. g\u00e1zov\u00e1 metoda. Vagin\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u011br z\u00edskan\u00fd od matky p\u0159ed porodem je aplikov\u00e1n na k\u016f\u017ei a do \u00fast novorozence po porodu. P\u0159i kojen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 tak\u00e9 kolonizace, mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko m\u00e1 unik\u00e1tn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed oligosacharid\u016f a laktobacil\u016f\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Co se d\u011bje ve st\u0159evu, to se d\u011bje na sliznic\u00edch!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antigeny ze z\u00e1rodk\u016f st\u0159evn\u00ed fl\u00f3ry projdou p\u0159es st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bnu, kde se potkaj\u00ed s je\u0161t\u011b nezral\u00fdmi T- a B-lymfocyty. Aktivuj\u00ed se a posouvaj\u00ed se do lymfatick\u00fdch mesenteri\u00e1ln\u00edch uzlin, projdou p\u0159es ductus thoracicus a dostanou se do krve, tam dozr\u00e1vaj\u00ed v&nbsp;bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed protil\u00e1tky (plazmatick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky), a takto p\u0159ipraveny doraz\u00ed do sliznic r\u016fzn\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f. Zde se pro\u0161kol\u00ed a odevzdaj\u00ed sIgA, kter\u00fd sliznice pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slizni\u010dn\u00ed ochran\u011b. Z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b jsem v\u00fd\u0161e popsal \u0159et\u011bzec krok\u016f, kter\u00fd za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ve st\u0159evu. Tedy to, co se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 ve st\u0159evu, m\u00e1 vliv na proces, kter\u00fd se odehraje na sliznic\u00edch!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>St\u0159evn\u00ed v\u00fdstelka d\u011bl\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed od vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, aby tyto bu\u0148ky byly zdrav\u00e9 a dob\u0159e se d\u011blily. Aby zde neprob\u00edhal z\u00e1n\u011bt \u010di jin\u00e9 patologie. <strong><em>Nejsme to, co j\u00edme, ale to, co str\u00e1v\u00edme\u2026 <\/em><\/strong>Plocha slizni\u010dn\u00edch povrch\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyst\u00fdlaj\u00ed soustavy d\u00fdchac\u00ed, tr\u00e1vic\u00ed a urogenit\u00e1ln\u00ed, p\u0159edstavuje n\u011bkolik set \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch metr\u016f \u2013 (obrazn\u011b) plochu parcely pro v\u00fdstavbu domku. Sliznice jednotliv\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f se od sebe funk\u010dn\u011b odli\u0161uj\u00ed. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed charakteristiky v\u0161ak maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>St\u0159evo<\/strong> je org\u00e1nem pro za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, detoxikaci, ale hlavn\u011b je m\u00edstem, kde se formuje imunita. P\u0159es sliznice vstupuj\u00ed do t\u011bla tak\u00e9 patogeny, kter\u00e9 jsou nositeli r\u016fzn\u00fdch infekc\u00ed. St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom tvo\u0159\u00ed mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed bari\u00e9ru. Kdy\u017e se na sliznic\u00edch spr\u00e1vn\u011b vytvo\u0159\u00ed mikrobiom, ten pak znemo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv patogenn\u00edch z\u00e1rodk\u016f. Jsou to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bifidobakterie a laktobacily, kdo podpo\u0159\u00ed slizni\u010dn\u00ed obrann\u00e9 procesy. Pokud je tato mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed bari\u00e9ra nedostate\u010dn\u00e1, mohou patogeny (alergeny) bez p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky proniknout do sliznice a do vrstev pod sliznic\u00ed. Imunita na n\u011b reaguje p\u0159ehnanou reakc\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k&nbsp;rozvoji z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed st\u0159eva, jako je Crohnova choroba nebo ulcer\u00f3zn\u00ed kolitida nebo jen tzv. oby\u010dejn\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 st\u0159evn\u00ed propustnost, kter\u00e1 <strong><em>nastartuje migr\u00e9ny, z\u00e1n\u011bty kloub\u016f, chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bty s&nbsp;po\u0161kozen\u00edm mnoh\u00fdch t\u011bln\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f v\u010detn\u011b kognitivn\u00edch funkc\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Epitelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky jsou mezi sebou propojeny soustavou molekul\u00e1rn\u011b charakterizovan\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Teprve takto tvo\u0159\u00ed epitel nepropustnou <strong>bari\u00e9ru<\/strong> proti invazi patogen\u016f. Ta je na povrchu zes\u00edlena vrstvou \u201e<strong>hlenu<\/strong>\u201c, kter\u00fd udr\u017euje fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti epitel\u016f a pod\u00edl\u00ed se i na bari\u00e9rov\u00fdch funkc\u00edch epitelu. Hlen je slo\u017eit\u00fd komplex makromolekul bohat\u00fdch na sacharidy, tedy glykoprotein\u016f a proteoglykan\u016f, Chemicky i fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b br\u00e1n\u00ed adhezi patogen\u016f na epitelov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky. Hlen v&nbsp;hojn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed obsahuje ji\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd sekre\u010dn\u00ed imunoglobulin sIgA a antibakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed peptidy, defenziny\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"612\" height=\"459\" src=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.5.jpg 612w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.5-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.5-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Naru\u0161en\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry vede k naru\u0161en\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry, co\u017e vede k z\u00e1n\u011btu a ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed propustnosti. Nap\u0159. s\u016fl kyseliny m\u00e1seln\u00e9, <strong>butyr\u00e1t<\/strong>, co\u017e je palivo pro na\u0161e st\u0159evn\u00ed bu\u0148ky, zabezpe\u010duje, aby se <strong><em>ne<\/em><\/strong>zvy\u0161ovala st\u0159evn\u00ed propustnost, aby se bu\u0148ky spr\u00e1vn\u011b mno\u017eily a nedoch\u00e1zelo nap\u0159. k rakovinn\u00e9mu bujen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Slizni\u010dn\u00ed imunita je st\u00e1le hodn\u011b podce\u0148ovan\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem byla covidov\u00e1 epidemie, kde se pozornost soust\u0159edila na sledov\u00e1n\u00ed protil\u00e1tek z\u00edskan\u00fdch z krve s&nbsp;c\u00edlem vyr\u00e1b\u011bt vakc\u00edny, ale <strong>zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed imunitn\u00edch proces\u016f na sliznic\u00edch a stav mikrobiomu<\/strong> byly &#8211; a st\u00e1le jsou &#8211; pouze <strong><em>okrajovou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed studie, kter\u00e9 potvrzuj\u00ed velkou roli mikrobiomu pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed imunity. U covidu bylo potvrzeno, \u017ee dobr\u00fd stav mikrobiomu zm\u00edrnil pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci a zkr\u00e1til dobu hospitalizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Probiotika a prebiotika<\/strong><br>Princip: podpora zdrav\u00e9 mikrobioty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jsou to kmeny \u017eiv\u00fdch prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed kapsle m\u016f\u017eete dopravit do sv\u00fdch st\u0159ev.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L. acidophillus, L. rhamnosus, L. reuteri<\/strong> podporuj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st imunity, kter\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u00ed proti vzniku alergick\u00e9ho a z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho projevu. Ale aby se laktobacily udr\u017eely v prost\u0159ed\u00ed st\u0159eva, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed prebiotika, co\u017e jsou vlastn\u011b vl\u00e1kniny, slou\u017e\u00ed jim jako potrava, aby se us\u00eddlily a rozmno\u017eily. Mikrobiom pom\u00e1h\u00e1 rozkl\u00e1dat vl\u00e1kninu. Neum\u00edme vl\u00e1kninu str\u00e1vit, ale mikrobiom vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ze slo\u017eit\u00fdch polysacharid\u016f mastn\u00e9 kyseliny s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Slo\u017een\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ry je dynamick\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Plat\u00ed z\u00e1sada, \u017ee mikrobiom je MULTIKMENOV\u00dd a m\u00e1 b\u00fdt v symbi\u00f3ze. Pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jedno-kmenov\u00e9ho probiotika m\u016f\u017ee pom\u00e1hat sp\u00ed\u0161e kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Probiotick\u00e9 potraviny<\/strong> obsahuj\u00ed pro n\u00e1\u0161 organismus prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 kultury, je\u017e pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159i tr\u00e1ven\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed potravy, maj\u00ed vliv na imunitu a maj\u00ed pod kontrolou patogenn\u00ed bakterie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kysan\u00e9, fermentovan\u00e9 potraviny pro\u0161ly tzv. ml\u00e9\u010dnou fermentac\u00ed, kva\u0161en\u00edm. Jsou \u017eiv\u00e9, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 enzymy, vitaminy a r\u016fzn\u00e9 prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 kmeny probiotik. Maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed stravitelnost. v\u00fd\u017eivovou hodnotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rozmanitost mikrobioty, diverzita, pestrost<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010c\u00edm rozmanit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je slo\u017een\u00ed mikrobioty, t\u00edm je v t\u011ble situace zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159\u00ednosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. \u017del, dne\u0161n\u00ed rozmanitost st\u0159evn\u00ed populace je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed + n\u00e1stup pr\u016fmyslov\u011b zpracovan\u00fdch potravin. Odhaduje se, \u017ee stravu na\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed populace tvo\u0159\u00ed asi ze 75 % <em><u>pouze 12 r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f rostlin<\/u> a <u>5 r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch druh\u016f<\/u><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Projevy nerovnov\u00e1hy mikrobiomu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed imunita: 70 %<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z\u00e1cpa, pr\u016fjem, nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed, k\u0159e\u010de, Crohnova choroba, ulcer\u00f3zn\u00ed kolitida, kolorekt\u00e1ln\u00ed karcinom<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159er\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed (sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed HCl), obezita, ateroskler\u00f3za, alergie, atopick\u00fd ekz\u00e9m, astma bronchi\u00e1ln\u00ed, kop\u0159ivky, akn\u00e9, celiakie, intolerance potravin, nesn\u00e1\u0161enlivost lepku, revma, cukrovka, autismus, poruchy sp\u00e1nku, deprese, \u00fazkostn\u00e9 stavy, migr\u00e9ny, syndrom ji\u017e uveden\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 propustnosti st\u0159eva.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"616\" height=\"459\" src=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.6.jpg 616w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.6-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Obr.6-81x60.jpg 81w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>U\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1knin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>podporuje zdrav\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1zet z\u00e1cp\u011b a hraje roli p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed hladiny cholesterolu v&nbsp;krvi. Tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 regulovat hladinu cukru v&nbsp;krvi a d\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit sytosti, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee pomoci p\u0159i regulaci t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Co vl\u00e1kninu neobsahuje<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017divo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 produkty: maso, vejce, ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 produkty, tuky, cukry, jen m\u00e1lo vl\u00e1knin obsahuje b\u00edl\u00e1 mouka a v\u0161echny z n\u00ed vyroben\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, cukrovinky, \u010daje, d\u017eusy, kter\u00e9 nejsou vyrobeny z&nbsp;du\u017einy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ryby<\/strong> jsou zdrojem omega-3 MK a p\u016fsob\u00ed na rozmanitost st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antibiotika pou\u017e\u00edvat jen jako posledn\u00ed mo\u017enost a v\u017edy na z\u00e1klad\u011b dokonal\u00e9ho rozboru situace. Zab\u00edjej\u00ed patogenn\u00ed bakterie, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b i prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 bakterie. Poru\u0161\u00ed skladbu mikrobiomu. Tot\u00e9\u017e v\u0161ak plat\u00ed i pro l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed <em><u>proti z\u00e1n\u011btu <\/u><\/em>&#8211; tak\u00e9 mikrobiomu <em><u>ne<\/u><\/em>prosp\u00edvaj\u00ed.&nbsp; <em>Sni\u017euj\u00ed<\/em> mno\u017estv\u00ed hlenu, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed bu\u0148ky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mikrobiomov\u00e9 banky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u016f\u017eete si ulo\u017eit sv\u00e9 mikrobiom\u00e1ln\u00ed transplant\u00e1ty a v budoucnu je pou\u017e\u00edt pomoc\u00ed autotransplantace: mo\u017enost opravy mikrobiomu nap\u0159. po antibiotick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b, po chemoterapii apod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1sledovala beseda, odpov\u011bdi na \u010detn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MUDr. P. \u0160\u00e1cha<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>aneb St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom sehr\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v obran\u011b organismu Z\u00e1znam z\u00a0prezentace, kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhla v\u00a0b\u0159eznu \u00b425 v\u00a0B\u0159eclavi a v\u00a0Hustope\u010d\u00edch O tvrzen\u00ed v nadpisu ji\u017e nejsou pochyby.Ale vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m na za\u010d\u00e1tek devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let, kdy byl tento poznatek na okraji pozornosti l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, a dokonce byl tento n\u00e1zor i zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n\u2026 Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je to minulost a mnoh\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 studie potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=277"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":284,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277\/revisions\/284"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/symbivita.cz\/rovnovaha-zivota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}